Inorganic Chemistry is the Branch of Chemistry
The study of the synthesis and behavior of organometallic and inorganic compounds is known as inorganic chemistry. The inorganic chemistry encompasses non-carbon-based chemical substances, which are the focus of organic chemistry. The difference between the two fields is not absolute, as the sub-discipline of organometallic chemistry has a lot of overlap. It has uses in catalysis, materials science, pigments, surfactants, coatings, pharmaceuticals, fuels, and agriculture, among other areas of the chemical industry.
Ionic compounds are made up of cations and anions that are bonded together by ionic bonds. Oxides, carbonates, sulphates, and halides are all important examples of inorganic compounds. The melting points of many inorganic substances are extremely high. In the solid state, inorganic salts are often poor conductors. Their high melting point and ease of crystallization are other essential characteristics.
The simplest inorganic reaction is double displacement, which occurs when two salts are mixed and the ions are swapped without the oxidation state changing. In redox reactions, one reactant, the oxidant, drops its oxidation state while the oxidation state of another reactant, the reductant, increases. The end outcome is an electron exchange. Electron exchange can also take place in an indirect manner, such as in batteries, which is a crucial idea in electrochemistry.
Minerals are inorganic compounds present in nature. Iron sulphide in the form of pyrite or calcium sulphate in the form of gypsum can be found in soil. Inorganic compounds are also present in biomolecules that perform many functions, such as electrolytes (sodium chloride), energy storage (ATP), and building (the polyphosphate backbone in DNA).
The Haber process produced ammonium nitrate, which was the first important man-made inorganic substance for soil fertilization. For usage as catalysts, inorganic substances are produced.
Organometallic chemistry, cluster chemistry, and bio-inorganic chemistry are all sub-disciplines of inorganic chemistry. These are active areas of inorganic chemistry research, with the goal of developing novel catalysts, superconductors, and treatments.